| Property | EN8D | EN 10083-2 C40E | ASTM A29/A29M Grade 1040 | JIS G4051 S45C | IS 1570 C45 | DIN 17200 C45 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Steel Grade | EN8D | EN 10083-2 C40E | ASTM A29/A29M Grade 1040 | JIS G4051 S45C | IS 1570 C45 | DIN 17200 C45 |
| Carbon Content (%) | 0.36 – 0.44 | 0.37 – 0.44 | 0.37 – 0.44 | 0.42 – 0.50 | 0.42 – 0.50 | 0.42 – 0.50 |
| Manganese Content (%) | 0.60 – 0.90 | 0.60 – 0.90 | 0.60 – 0.90 | 0.60 – 0.90 | 0.60 – 0.90 | 0.60 – 0.90 |
| Silicon Content (%) | 0.20 – 0.35 | 0.20 – 0.35 | 0.20 – 0.35 | 0.20 – 0.35 | 0.20 – 0.35 | 0.20 – 0.35 |
| Sulfur Content (%) | ≤ 0.050 | ≤ 0.050 | ≤ 0.050 | ≤ 0.050 | ≤ 0.050 | ≤ 0.050 |
| Phosphorus Content (%) | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.040 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 620 – 850 | 600 – 800 | 585 – 755 | 570 – 700 | 600 – 800 | 600 – 800 |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 300 – 450 | 350 – 520 | 205 – 310 | 295 – 490 | 350 – 520 | 350 – 520 |
| Elongation (%) | ≥ 12 | ≥ 12 | ≥ 15 | ≥ 14 | ≥ 12 | ≥ 12 |
| Hardness (HB) | 170 – 210 | 170 – 210 | 170 – 210 | 170 – 210 | 170 – 210 | 170 – 210 |
| Impact Toughness (J @ -20°C) | 20 – 40 (depending on heat treatment) | ≥ 27 | ≥ 27 | ≥ 27 | ≥ 27 | ≥ 27 |
| Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Machinability | Good | Good | Good | Good | Good | Good |
| Weldability | Medium | Medium | Medium | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Applications | General engineering components, shafts, bolts, gears | Shafts, bolts, gears, structural parts | Automotive, machine parts, gears, shafts | Shafts, gears, machine parts, automotive | Automotive, machine parts, gears | Automotive, machine parts, gears |
| Hardening Method | Quenched and tempered | Quenched and tempered | Quenched and tempered | Quenched and tempered | Quenched and tempered | Quenched and tempered |
| Heat Treatment (Normalizing) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Key Properties | Good wear resistance, machinable | Good toughness, strength, fatigue resistance | High machinability, good strength | High strength, toughness, good machinability | High strength, toughness, good machinability | High strength, toughness, good machinability |
| Equivalent Standards | BS 970 080M40, IS 1570 C40, ASTM A29 Grade 1040 | IS 1570 C40, DIN 17200 C40, JIS G4051 S40C | EN 10083-2 C40E, DIN 17200 C40 | EN 10083-2 C40E, DIN 17200 C40E | EN 10083-2 C45E, DIN 17200 C45 | EN 10083-2 C45E, DIN 17200 C45 |
| Country of Origin | UK | Europe (Germany, UK) | USA | Japan | India | Germany |
Key Differences:
- Carbon Content: All grades have a similar carbon range of around 0.37 – 0.50%, with JIS G4051 S45C being slightly on the higher side (up to 0.50%).
- Tensile Strength: EN8D generally has a lower tensile strength range (620-850 MPa) compared to the other grades, which fall between 600-800 MPa or 585-755 MPa for ASTM A29/A29M Grade 1040.
- Manganese & Silicon: These elements contribute to strength and toughness in all grades, with values between 0.60-0.90% for manganese and 0.20-0.35% for silicon.
- Machinability and Weldability: All grades are good in terms of machinability and weldability, with medium rating in some cases depending on heat treatment.
- Applications: These grades are widely used for automotive, machine parts, gears, shafts, and general engineering components.
- Hardness & Impact Toughness: All grades show similar ranges for hardness (170-210 HB), and impact toughness values typically exceed 27 J at -20°C.
This table provides a more detailed comparison and should give you a comprehensive view of the differences between these steel grades.
